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1.
São Paulo med. j ; 130(6): 373-379, 2012. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-662793

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: One of the techniques used for treating facial paralysis is double muscle innervation using end-to-end neurorrhaphy with sectioning of healthy nerves. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether double muscle innervation by means of end-to-side neurorrhaphy could occur, with maintenance of muscle innervation. DESIGN AND SETTING: Experimental study developed at the Experimental Research Center, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Unesp. METHODS: One hundred rats were allocated to five groups as follows: G1, control group; G2, the peroneal nerve was sectioned; G3, the tibial nerve was transected and the proximal stump was end-to-side sutured to the intact peroneal nerve; G4, 120 days after the G3 surgery, the peroneal nerve was sectioned proximally to the neurorrhaphy; G5, 120 days after the G3 surgery, the peroneal and tibial nerves were sectioned proximally to the neurorrhaphy. RESULTS: One hundred and fifty days after the surgery, G3 did not show any change in tibial muscle weight or muscle fiber diameter, but the axonal fiber diameter in the peroneal nerve distal to the neurorrhaphy had decreased. Although G4 showed atrophy of the cranial tibial muscle 30 days after sectioning the peroneal nerve, the electrophysiological test results and axonal diameter measurement confirmed that muscle reinnervation had occurred. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that double muscle innervation did not occur through end-to-side neurorrhaphy; the tibial nerve was not able to maintain muscle innervation after the peroneal nerve had been sectioned, although muscle reinnervation was found to have occurred, 30 days after the peroneal nerve had been sectioned.


CONTEXTO E OBJETIVO: Uma das técnicas utilizadas para tratamento da paralisia facial é a dupla inervação muscular com neurorrafia término-terminal, seccionando-se nervos sadios. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a ocorrência de dupla inervação muscular através de neurorrafia término-lateral e a manutenção da inervação. TIPO DE ESTUDO E LOCAL: Estudo experimental desenvolvido no Centro de Pesquisa Experimental da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Unesp. MÉTODOS: Cem ratos foram distribuídos em cinco grupos: G1, controle; G2, secção do nervo fibular; G3, o nervo tibial foi seccionado e o coto proximal suturado na lateral do nervo fibular íntegro; G4, 120 dias após a cirurgia do G3, o nervo fibular foi seccionado proximal à neurorrafia; G5, 120 dias após a cirurgia do G3, os nervos fibular e tibial foram seccionados proximal à neurorrafia. RESULTADOS: Após 150 dias da cirurgia, não foi observada variação na massa do músculo tibial ou no diâmetro das fibras musculares no G3, porém, houve redução do diâmetro da fibra axonal do nervo fibular distal à neurorrafia. Embora, no G4, tenha ocorrido atrofia do músculo tibial cranial 30 dias após a secção do nervo fibular, os resultados do teste eletrofisiológico e da medida do diâmetro axonal confirmaram a ocorrência de reinervação muscular. CONCLUSÃO: Estes resultados sugerem que a dupla inervação muscular não ocorreu através da neurorrafia término-lateral; o nervo tibial não foi capaz de manter a inervação muscular após a secção do nervo fibular; contudo, ocorreu reinervação muscular 30 dias após a secção do nervo fibular.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Muscle Denervation/methods , Peroneal Nerve/surgery , Tibial Nerve/surgery , Electromyography , Facial Paralysis/surgery , Models, Animal , Muscle Denervation/adverse effects , Nerve Regeneration , Random Allocation , Rats, Wistar , Reproducibility of Results , Suture Techniques , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome
2.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 23(2): 204-208, abr.-jun. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-492972

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Verificar o efeito da denervação cardíaca ventral na incidência de fibrilação atrial no pós-operatório de revascularização cirúrgica do miocárdio. MÉTODOS: Entre setembro e novembro de 2005, 50 pacientes consecutivos da mesma instituição foram alocados neste estudo prospectivo e randomizado. Foram selecionados pacientes portadores de insuficiência coronariana com indicação de revascularização cirúrgica do miocárdio, sem história ou diagnóstico prévio de arritmia atrial. Os critérios de exclusão foram: idade acima de 75 anos, história prévia de arritmia atrial e operações cardíacas associadas. A denervação era realizada antes do início da circulação extracorpórea pela remoção do tecido gorduroso ao redor da veia cava superior, aorta e artéria pulmonar. Os grupos foram comparados de acordo com as características clínicas, demográficas e variáveis operatórias. RESULTADOS: Não houve mortalidade hospitalar em ambos os grupos. O tempo médio adicional para realização da denervação foi de 7,64 + 2,33 minutos e não houve complicações associadas ao procedimento. Cinco pacientes apresentaram fibrilação atrial no pós-operatório, sendo dois (8 por cento) no grupo controle e três (12 por cento) no grupo denervação. O risco dos pacientes do grupo denervação apresentarem fibrilação atrial foi 22 por cento maior do que no grupo controle (intervalo de confiança, 0,56-2,66), porém, este resultado não foi estatisticamente significativo (p=0,64). CONCLUSÕES: A denervação cardíaca ventral, apesar de rápida execução e de baixo risco, não apresentou efeito na redução da incidência de fibrilação atrial no pós-operatório de revascularização cirúrgica do miocárdio.


OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of ventral cardiac denervation in the incidence of atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass surgery. METHODS: Between September and November, 50 patients without history or previous diagnosis of atrial arrhythmia from the same institution presenting coronary heart disease with indication for coronary artery graft bypass surgery were enrolled in a prospective and randomized study. The exclusion criteria were: patients older than 75 years of age, previous history of atrial arrhythmia and associated heart surgeries. Denervation was performed before cardiopulmonary bypass and it was achieved by removing the adipose tissues around the superior vena cava, aorta and pulmonary artery. The groups were compared regarding demographic, clinical and operative variables. RESULTS: There were no hospital mortalities. The additional time for the denervation was 7.64±2.33 minutes, and there were no associated complications. Postoperative atrial fibrillation was present in two (8 percent) patients of the Control Group and in three (12 percent) patients who underwent ventral cardiac denervation. The risk of postoperative atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing ventral cardiac denervation was 22 percent higher than in the Control Group (0.56-2.66,confidence interval); however, this outcome was not statistically significant (p=0.64). CONCLUSION: Ventral cardiac denervation, despite being a fast and low-risk procedure, does not significantly reduce the incidence of atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass graft surgery.


Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Adipose Tissue/surgery , Aortic Diseases/surgery , Atrial Fibrillation/epidemiology , Coronary Artery Bypass , Heart/innervation , Muscle Denervation/adverse effects , Atrial Fibrillation/etiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Epidemiologic Methods , Hospital Mortality , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome
3.
Acta cient. venez ; 43(4): 229-34, 1992. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-125497

ABSTRACT

This ultrastructural study was undertaken to investigate the morphological changes which occur in the fast twitch gastrocnemius muscle of the reptile Iguana after nerve section. It was found that initial degenerative alterations appeared in muscle fibers two weeks after denervation and prograssed aling the two months of the investigative period. They consisted of disorganization of contractile and sarcotubular elements and the appearance of autophagic vacuoles with mitochondrial debris. However, even two months after nerve section some myofibrils and mitochondria looked normal. Our results suggest that although the general course of denervation atrophy in iguana gastrocnemius is sinilar to that in other twitch muscle of vertebrates, the chonology of the process shows that iguana fast twich skeletal muscle exhibit an intermediary position among the vertebrates in relation to their velocity of response to denervation


Subject(s)
Animals , Muscle Denervation/adverse effects , Iguanas/physiology
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